CHAPTER 1: GEOGRAPHICAL DIVERSITY OF INDIA
1. Who was the first Indian astronaut to go into space?
A. Kalpana Chawla
B. Rakesh Sharma
C. Vikram Sarabhai
D. Sunita Williams
Answer: B. Rakesh Sharma
2. Which country is the seventh-largest country in the world?
A. India
B. Nepal
C. Sri Lanka
D. Bangladesh
Answer: A. India
3. India is part of which continent?
A. Africa
B. Europe
C. Asia
D. Australia
Answer: C. Asia
4. What is the region formed by India and some of its neighbouring countries called?
A. Central Asia
B. Indian Subcontinent
C. Arabian Peninsula
D. Southeast African Region
Answer: B. Indian Subcontinent
5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the five major geographical regions discussed in the chapter?
A. Great mountain zone
B. Plains of the Ganga and Indus
C. Desert region
D. Amazon Basin
Answer: D. Amazon Basin
6. Which geographical feature forms a natural barrier in northern India?
A. Thar Desert
B. Himalayan Mountain Range
C. Arabian Sea
D. Bay of Bengal
Answer: B. Himalayan Mountain Range
7. Approximately how long is the Himalayan range, according to the chapter?
A. 500 km
B. 1,000 km
C. 2,500 km
D. 5,000 km
Answer: C. 2,500 km
8. What are Himalayan peaks exceeding 8,000 metres collectively called?
A. Seven Summits
B. Eight Thousanders
C. Great Giants
D. High Plateaus
Answer: B. Eight Thousanders
9. Why are the Himalayas sometimes called the “Water Tower of Asia”?
A. They contain large saltwater lakes.
B. Their snowmelt feeds major rivers.
C. They receive no rainfall.
D. They prevent all rivers from flowing south.
Answer: B. Their snowmelt feeds major rivers.
10. Which river originates from Gaumukh at the edge of the Gangotri Glacier?
A. Yamuna
B. Godavari
C. Bhagirathi
D. Kaveri
Answer: C. Bhagirathi
11. India was once part of which ancient landmass mentioned in the chapter?
A. Gondwana
B. Antarctica
C. Laurasia
D. Greenland
Answer: A. Gondwana
12. Approximately when did India collide with Eurasia?
A. 5 million years ago
B. 10 million years ago
C. 50 million years ago
D. 500 million years ago
Answer: C. 50 million years ago
13. According to the chapter, how fast is India still moving into Asia?
A. About five centimetres per year
B. About five metres per year
C. About five kilometres per year
D. About one kilometre per year
Answer: A. About five centimetres per year
14. What does the word “Himalaya” mean?
A. Land of rivers
B. Abode of snow
C. Home of forests
D. Mountain of gold
Answer: B. Abode of snow
15. Which Himalayan range is the highest and most rugged?
A. Shivalik Hills
B. Himachal
C. Himadri
D. Aravalli Hills
Answer: C. Himadri
16. Which Himalayan range lies south of the Greater Himalayas and has a more moderate climate?
A. Himachal
B. Himadri
C. Shivalik
D. Eastern Ghats
Answer: A. Himachal
17. Which range forms the outermost and lowest part of the Himalayas?
A. Himadri
B. Himachal
C. Shivalik Hills
D. Western Ghats
Answer: C. Shivalik Hills
18. Which traditional house-construction styles are mentioned for the western Himalayan region?
A. Kath-kuni and dhajji-dewari
B. Bamboo huts and igloos
C. Mud towers and stilt houses
D. Stone domes and tents
Answer: A. Kath-kuni and dhajji-dewari
19. Which national park in Himachal Pradesh is mentioned as a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A. Kaziranga National Park
B. Great Himalayan National Park
C. Gir National Park
D. Sundarbans National Park
Answer: B. Great Himalayan National Park
20. Which Indian region is described as a cold desert?
A. Kerala
B. Ladakh
C. West Bengal
D. Goa
Answer: B. Ladakh
21. What is the minimum winter temperature mentioned for Ladakh?
A. Below 0°C
B. Below –10°C
C. Below –20°C
D. Below –30°C
Answer: D. Below –30°C
22. Why is part of Ladakh called “moonland”?
A. It receives moonlight throughout the year.
B. Its terrain resembles the surface of the Moon.
C. It has no mountains.
D. It is covered entirely with forests.
Answer: B. Its terrain resembles the surface of the Moon.
23. What does the word “tso” mean in the name Pangong Tso?
A. Mountain
B. River
C. Lake
D. Valley
Answer: C. Lake
24. Which of the following animals is mentioned as wildlife found in Ladakh?
A. Lion-tailed macaque
B. Tibetan antelope
C. Indian gharial
D. Royal Bengal Tiger only
Answer: B. Tibetan antelope
25. Which festivals are associated with Ladakh in the chapter?
A. Losar and Hemis Festival
B. Onam and Pongal
C. Bihu and Durga Puja
D. Baisakhi and Lohri
Answer: A. Losar and Hemis Festival
26. Which river systems help make the Gangetic Plains fertile?
A. Ganga, Indus and Brahmaputra
B. Narmada, Tapti and Mahi only
C. Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri only
D. Luni, Sabarmati and Periyar
Answer: A. Ganga, Indus and Brahmaputra
27. Why are the Gangetic Plains highly suitable for agriculture?
A. They have no rivers.
B. River systems enrich the soil with minerals.
C. They are covered entirely with rocks.
D. They receive no water from the Himalayas.
Answer: B. River systems enrich the soil with minerals.
28. Which feature of the Northern Plains has helped develop extensive road and railway networks?
A. Steep mountain slopes
B. Flat land
C. Thick glaciers
D. Rocky desert terrain
Answer: B. Flat land
29. Which river is named after the son of Brahma, according to the chapter?
A. Ganga
B. Yamuna
C. Brahmaputra
D. Kaveri
Answer: C. Brahmaputra
30. Which is the Great Indian Desert also known as?
A. Sahara Desert
B. Thar Desert
C. Gobi Desert
D. Ladakh Desert
Answer: B. Thar Desert
31. How are sand dunes formed?
A. By glaciers depositing ice
B. By wind shifting and shaping sand
C. By rivers carrying rocks uphill
D. By volcanic eruptions alone
Answer: B. By wind shifting and shaping sand
32. Which of the following states is mentioned as containing part of the Thar Desert?
A. Rajasthan
B. Assam
C. Kerala
D. Meghalaya
Answer: A. Rajasthan
33. Which traditional water-conservation systems are mentioned for Rajasthan?
A. Taanka or kunds
B. Canals made of ice
C. Floating reservoirs
D. Underground glaciers
Answer: A. Taanka or kunds
34. Approximately how old are the Aravalli Hills, according to the chapter?
A. 2.5 million years
B. 25 million years
C. 250 million years
D. 2.5 billion years
Answer: D. 2.5 billion years
35. Which of the following minerals is mentioned as being found in the Aravallis?
A. Zinc
B. Diamond only
C. Uranium only
D. Petroleum only
Answer: A. Zinc
36. What is a plateau?
A. A deep ocean trench
B. Land rising above surrounding areas with a more or less flat surface
C. A low-lying river delta only
D. A narrow strip of beach
Answer: B. Land rising above surrounding areas with a more or less flat surface
37. Which two mountain ranges border the Peninsular Plateau?
A. Himalayas and Shivaliks
B. Aravallis and Himalayas
C. Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats
D. Vindhyas and Himalayas
Answer: C. Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats
38. Which statement about the Western Ghats is correct according to the chapter?
A. They are lower than the Eastern Ghats.
B. They are taller and run along the western coast.
C. They lie entirely in northern India.
D. They contain no rivers.
Answer: B. They are taller and run along the western coast.
39. Which rivers flow eastward across the Peninsular Plateau?
A. Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri
B. Narmada and Tapti only
C. Indus and Jhelum only
D. Ganga and Yamuna only
Answer: A. Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri
40. Which two rivers are mentioned as flowing westward into the Arabian Sea?
A. Godavari and Krishna
B. Narmada and Tapti
C. Ganga and Brahmaputra
D. Mahanadi and Kaveri
Answer: B. Narmada and Tapti
41. Approximately how long is India’s coastline, according to the chapter?
A. 750 km
B. 2,500 km
C. Over 7,500 km
D. Over 15,000 km
Answer: C. Over 7,500 km
42. Which states lie along the west coast of India, as described in the chapter?
A. Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka and Kerala
B. Odisha, West Bengal, Bihar and Assam
C. Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and Uttar Pradesh
D. Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland
Answer: A. Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka and Kerala
43. What is a delta?
A. A high mountain peak
B. A landform formed when a river deposits sediments at its mouth
C. A desert formed by wind
D. A deep lake surrounded by mountains
Answer: B. A landform formed when a river deposits sediments at its mouth
44. Which of the following lakes is mentioned on the East Coast of India?
A. Pangong Tso
B. Chilika Lake
C. Dal Lake
D. Wular Lake
Answer: B. Chilika Lake
45. Which island group is located in the Arabian Sea?
A. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
B. Lakshadweep
C. Sundarbans
D. Garo Hills
Answer: B. Lakshadweep
46. How many islands make up Lakshadweep, according to the chapter?
A. 12
B. 24
C. 36
D. More than 500
Answer: C. 36
47. Which is the only active volcano in India mentioned in the chapter?
A. Mount Abu
B. Barren Island
C. Kanchenjunga
D. Pangong Tso
Answer: B. Barren Island
48. The Sundarbans are located in the delta of which river systems?
A. Narmada and Tapti
B. Godavari and Krishna
C. Ganga and Brahmaputra and their tributaries
D. Indus and Jhelum
Answer: C. Ganga and Brahmaputra and their tributaries
49. Which hills in Meghalaya are mentioned in the chapter?
A. Garo, Khasi and Jantia
B. Aravalli, Vindhya and Satpura
C. Nilgiri, Anaimalai and Cardamom
D. Shivalik, Himadri and Himachal
Answer: A. Garo, Khasi and Jantia
50. What is one major effect of India’s geographical diversity highlighted in the chapter?
A. It creates identical living conditions everywhere.
B. It eliminates differences in soil and climate.
C. It creates varied conditions for life, economic opportunities and culture.
D. It prevents the development of civilisation.
Answer: C. It creates varied conditions for life, economic opportunities and culture.
