CHAPTER 3: LANDFORMS AND LIFE
1. What is a landform?
A. A type of weather
B. A physical feature on Earth’s surface
C. A type of animal
D. A human-made building
Answer: B. A physical feature on Earth’s surface
2. Into how many main categories are landforms broadly divided in this chapter?
A. Two
B. Four
C. Three
D. Five
Answer: C. Three
3. Which of the following is NOT one of the three main landforms discussed in the chapter?
A. Mountain
B. Plateau
C. Plain
D. Ocean
Answer: D. Ocean
4. Over what period do landforms take shape?
A. Millions of years
B. A few days
C. A few months
D. One year
Answer: A. Millions of years
5. What does altitude mean?
A. The depth of an ocean
B. The distance between two cities
C. The height of an object above sea level
D. The width of a river
Answer: C. The height of an object above sea level
6. Which feature is typical of a mountain?
A. A completely flat surface
B. A broad base, steep slopes and a narrow summit
C. A surface always below sea level
D. A landscape covered entirely with sand
Answer: B. A broad base, steep slopes and a narrow summit
7. What are highlands with lower heights, less steep slopes and rounded tops called?
A. Plains
B. Plateaus
C. Valleys
D. Hills
Answer: D. Hills
8. What happens to snow at lower mountain altitudes during summer?
A. It melts and turns into water
B. It becomes permanent ice everywhere
C. It turns into sand
D. It disappears without producing water
Answer: A. It melts and turns into water
9. What may happen to snow at high altitudes?
A. It always melts in summer
B. It becomes soil immediately
C. It may remain permanently on the mountain
D. It turns into a river instantly
Answer: C. It may remain permanently on the mountain
10. What is precipitation?
A. Water stored only underground
B. Water from the atmosphere reaching the ground in forms such as rain, snow or hail
C. Water flowing only in oceans
D. Water used for irrigation
Answer: B. Water from the atmosphere reaching the ground in forms such as rain, snow or hail
11. Which of the following is an example of a mountain range?
A. Ganga Plain
B. Deccan Plateau
C. Thar Desert
D. Himalayas
Answer: D. Himalayas
12. Which mountain range is located in Europe?
A. Alps
B. Andes
C. Himalayas
D. Aravalli
Answer: A. Alps
13. Which mountain range is located in South America?
A. Himalayas
B. Alps
C. Andes
D. Aravalli
Answer: C. Andes
14. Which two peaks are identified as the highest peaks of the Himalayan range in the chapter?
A. Anamudi and Mont Blanc
B. Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga
C. Kilimanjaro and Aconcagua
D. Mont Blanc and Anamudi
Answer: B. Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga
15. Mount Aconcagua is the highest peak of which mountain range?
A. Alps
B. Himalayas
C. Aravalli
D. Andes
Answer: D. Andes
16. Which mountain is an isolated mountain and is not part of any range?
A. Mount Kilimanjaro
B. Mount Everest
C. Kanchenjunga
D. Mont Blanc
Answer: A. Mount Kilimanjaro
17. Which mountain is the highest in South India?
A. Mount Everest
B. Kanchenjunga
C. Anamudi
D. Mount Aconcagua
Answer: C. Anamudi
18. Which mountain range is described as relatively young?
A. Aravalli Range
B. Himalayas
C. Alps only
D. Andes only
Answer: B. Himalayas
19. Why are the Aravalli hills and mountains described as older and more rounded?
A. They are covered permanently with snow
B. They were formed yesterday
C. They are surrounded by oceans
D. They have been rounded by erosion over time
Answer: D. They have been rounded by erosion over time
20. What type of forest commonly grows on mountain slopes?
A. Montane forest
B. Mangrove forest only
C. Tropical grassland only
D. Desert vegetation
Answer: A. Montane forest
21. Which group contains conifer trees mentioned in the chapter?
A. Mango, neem and banyan
B. Coconut, palm and banana
C. Pine, fir, spruce and deodar
D. Teak, sal and bamboo only
Answer: C. Pine, fir, spruce and deodar
22. What may replace trees at higher mountain altitudes?
A. Large crop fields
B. Grasses, mosses and lichens
C. Tropical plantations
D. Mangrove forests
Answer: B. Grasses, mosses and lichens
23. Which animal is shown among the examples of mountain fauna in the chapter?
A. Camel
B. Dolphin
C. Crocodile
D. Himalayan tahr
Answer: D. Himalayan tahr
24. What is terrace farming?
A. Cultivating slopes by cutting steps into them
B. Growing crops only underwater
C. Farming only on mountain peaks
D. Growing crops without soil
Answer: A. Cultivating slopes by cutting steps into them
25. Which occupation is preferred over agriculture in many mountainous regions?
A. Deep-sea fishing
B. Shipbuilding
C. Herding
D. Ocean navigation
Answer: C. Herding
26. Why is tourism important in many mountain regions?
A. Mountains have no natural beauty
B. Scenic beauty and mountain activities attract visitors
C. All mountains have flat land for farming
D. Tourism prevents all environmental problems
Answer: B. Scenic beauty and mountain activities attract visitors
27. Which of the following is a mountain-related sport mentioned in the chapter?
A. Scuba diving
B. Surfing
C. Sailing
D. Paragliding
Answer: D. Paragliding
28. Who was the first Indian woman to climb Mount Everest, according to the chapter?
A. Bachendri Pal
B. Arunima Sinha
C. Kalpana Chawla
D. P. T. Usha
Answer: A. Bachendri Pal
29. Which of the following is a natural hazard associated with mountains?
A. Sea breeze
B. Ocean tide
C. Avalanche
D. Coastal erosion only
Answer: C. Avalanche
30. What is a landslide?
A. The slow movement of ocean water
B. The sudden collapse of earth or rock from a mountainside
C. The formation of a river delta
D. The melting of all mountain snow
Answer: B. The sudden collapse of earth or rock from a mountainside
31. What is a cloudburst?
A. A long period without rain
B. A type of mountain forest
C. A sudden fall of snow from a peak
D. A sudden, violent rainstorm
Answer: D. A sudden, violent rainstorm
32. What is a plateau?
A. A raised landform with a more or less flat surface
B. A low area always covered by water
C. A narrow river channel
D. A flat area at the bottom of the ocean
Answer: A. A raised landform with a more or less flat surface
33. Which is the largest and highest plateau in the world?
A. Deccan Plateau
B. Chhota Nagpur Plateau
C. Tibetan Plateau
D. Cherrapunji Plateau
Answer: C. Tibetan Plateau
34. What is the average altitude of the Tibetan Plateau mentioned in the chapter?
A. 500 metres
B. 4,500 metres
C. 1,000 metres
D. 300 metres
Answer: B. 4,500 metres
35. Why is the Tibetan Plateau called the “Roof of the World”?
A. It is surrounded by oceans
B. It has the world’s largest forests
C. It is the lowest landform
D. It has a very high average altitude
Answer: D. It has a very high average altitude
36. How was the Deccan Plateau formed, according to the chapter?
A. Through volcanic activity millions of years ago
B. Through the deposition of ocean salt
C. Through the movement of sand by wind alone
D. Through the construction of dams
Answer: A. Through volcanic activity millions of years ago
37. Why are plateaus often called “storehouses of minerals”?
A. They contain only fertile soil
B. They receive no rainfall
C. They are rich in mineral deposits
D. They are entirely covered with forests
Answer: C. They are rich in mineral deposits
38. Which minerals are found in huge reserves in the Chhota Nagpur Plateau?
A. Gold and diamonds only
B. Iron, coal and manganese
C. Petroleum and salt only
D. Copper and silver only
Answer: B. Iron, coal and manganese
39. Which plateau is famous for gold and diamond mining?
A. Tibetan Plateau
B. Deccan Plateau
C. Cherrapunji Plateau
D. African Plateau
Answer: D. African Plateau
40. Why are many plateaus less favourable for farming?
A. Their rocky soil is often less fertile than the soil of plains
B. They are always below sea level
C. They have no land surface
D. They are all covered by glaciers
Answer: A. Their rocky soil is often less fertile than the soil of plains
41. What type of soil may be found on lava plateaus?
A. Permanently frozen soil
B. Only sandy soil
C. Rich black soil
D. Soil made entirely of salt
Answer: C. Rich black soil
42. Which waterfall is described as dropping 340 metres from the Cherrapunji Plateau?
A. Victoria Falls
B. Nohkalikai Falls
C. Hundru Falls
D. Jog Falls
Answer: B. Nohkalikai Falls
43. What are plains?
A. Very high peaks with narrow summits
B. Raised areas with steep sides only
C. Deep parts of the ocean
D. Extensive flat or gently undulating areas
Answer: D. Extensive flat or gently undulating areas
44. Plains are generally not more than how high above sea level, according to the chapter?
A. 300 metres
B. 1,000 metres
C. 4,500 metres
D. 8,000 metres
Answer: A. 300 metres
45. What are sediments?
A. Types of mountain animals
B. Layers of permanent snow
C. Particles of rock, sand and silt carried by rivers
D. Minerals found only in oceans
Answer: C. Particles of rock, sand and silt carried by rivers
46. Why are floodplains generally fertile?
A. They contain only rocky soil
B. Rivers deposit sediments that enrich the soil
C. They receive no river water
D. They are always covered with ice
Answer: B. Rivers deposit sediments that enrich the soil
47. Which is a major economic occupation in plains?
A. Mountaineering only
B. Mining on every hill
C. Hunting only
D. Agriculture
Answer: D. Agriculture
48. Approximately how many people live in India’s Ganga plain, according to the chapter?
A. About 40 crore
B. About 4 crore
C. About 1 crore
D. About 100 crore
Answer: A. About 40 crore
49. What is a confluence?
A. The highest point of a mountain
B. A flat-topped landform
C. The meeting point of two or more rivers
D. A dry area with little precipitation
Answer: C. The meeting point of two or more rivers
50. Which statement about deserts is correct according to the chapter?
A. All deserts are hot
B. Deserts are large, dry expanses with very little precipitation
C. Deserts have no plant or animal life
D. Humans cannot live in deserts
Answer: B. Deserts are large, dry expanses with very little precipitation
