Class 10th Science MCQs

1️⃣ Carbon has a unique ability to form:

• A. Ionic bonds
• B. Triple bonds only
• C. Covalent bonds
• D. Metallic bonds

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✅ C. Covalent bonds

2️⃣ Which of the following is a saturated hydrocarbon? 🧪

• A. Ethene
• B. Ethyne
• C. Ethane
• D. Benzene

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✅ C. Ethane

3️⃣ Carbon forms a large number of compounds because of:

• A. High reactivity
• B. Catenation
• C. Ionic nature
• D. High melting point

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✅ B. Catenation

4️⃣ Which functional group is present in alcohol? 🍷

• A. -CHO
• B. -COOH
• C. -OH
• D. -CO-

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✅ C. -OH

5️⃣ The general formula of alkanes is:

• A. CnH2n
• B. CnH2n+2
• C. CnH2n-2
• D. CnH2n+1

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✅ B. CnH2n+2

6️⃣ Which of the following is not a hydrocarbon?

• A. Methane
• B. Ethene
• C. Ethanoic acid
• D. Ethyne

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✅ C. Ethanoic acid

7️⃣ Which of the following compounds has a carboxylic acid group? 🧴

• A. CH3OH
• B. CH3COOH
• C. C2H6
• D. C2H4

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✅ B. CH3COOH

8️⃣ Which of the following statements is true about carbon compounds?

• A. They are generally ionic
• B. They are good conductors
• C. They have low melting and boiling points
• D. They are always crystalline solids

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✅ C. They have low melting and boiling points

9️⃣ What is the IUPAC name of CH3Cl? 🧪

• A. Methyl chloride
• B. Methanol
• C. Methanoic acid
• D. Chloroethane

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✅ A. Methyl chloride

🔟 The bond formed between carbon and hydrogen in methane is:

• A. Ionic
• B. Coordinate
• C. Covalent
• D. Hydrogen

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✅ C. Covalent

1️⃣1️⃣ What is the IUPAC name of CH3COOH?

• A. Formic acid
• B. Ethanoic acid
• C. Acetic acid
• D. Propanoic acid

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✅ B. Ethanoic acid

1️⃣2️⃣ Which of the following undergoes addition reaction? ➕

• A. Alkane
• B. Alkene
• C. Alcohol
• D. Carboxylic acid

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✅ B. Alkene

1️⃣3️⃣ Which functional group is found in ketones?

• A. -COOH
• B. -CHO
• C. -CO-
• D. -OH

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✅ C. -CO-

1️⃣4️⃣ The compound CH3OH is an example of:

• A. Aldehyde
• B. Alcohol
• C. Ketone
• D. Carboxylic acid

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✅ B. Alcohol

1️⃣5️⃣ Which type of hydrocarbons contain triple bonds?

• A. Alkanes
• B. Alkenes
• C. Alkynes
• D. Aromatics

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✅ C. Alkynes

1️⃣6️⃣ Which of these will decolorize bromine water? 🧪

• A. Ethane
• B. Ethene
• C. Propane
• D. Butane

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✅ B. Ethene

1️⃣7️⃣ Which of the following has a fruity smell? 🍊

• A. Carboxylic acid
• B. Aldehyde
• C. Ester
• D. Ketone

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✅ C. Ester

1️⃣8️⃣ What is the name of CH3-CHO? 🧪

• A. Methanal
• B. Ethanal
• C. Propanal
• D. Ethanoic acid

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✅ B. Ethanal

1️⃣9️⃣ Which gas is produced when ethanol is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid? 🔥

• A. Ethene
• B. Methane
• C. Hydrogen
• D. Carbon dioxide

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✅ A. Ethene

2️⃣0️⃣ Ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate to form:

• A. CO₂ and salt
• B. H₂ and salt
• C. O₂ and water
• D. CO and water

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✅ A. CO₂ and salt

2️⃣1️⃣ Which process is used to convert ethanol to ethanoic acid? 🔁

• A. Distillation
• B. Neutralization
• C. Oxidation
• D. Fermentation

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✅ C. Oxidation

2️⃣2️⃣ Which substance is used as a catalyst in the conversion of ethanol to ethene?

• A. Concentrated HCl
• B. ZnCl₂
• C. Concentrated H₂SO₄
• D. NaOH

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✅ C. Concentrated H₂SO₄

2️⃣3️⃣ What happens in a substitution reaction?

• A. One atom replaces another
• B. Atoms rearrange
• C. Chain breaks
• D. Addition of atoms

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✅ A. One atom replaces another

2️⃣4️⃣ Ethanol is commonly known as:

• A. Grain alcohol
• B. Wood spirit
• C. Acetic acid
• D. Methanol

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✅ A. Grain alcohol

2️⃣5️⃣ Which of the following is an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

• A. Propane
• B. Butane
• C. Ethene
• D. Methane

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✅ C. Ethene

2️⃣6️⃣ The process of forming large molecules from small ones is:

• A. Isomerism
• B. Polymerization
• C. Cracking
• D. Distillation

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✅ B. Polymerization

2️⃣7️⃣ Which one is used as an antiseptic in wounds? 💊

• A. Ethanoic acid
• B. Iodine
• C. Ethanol
• D. Methane

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✅ C. Ethanol

2️⃣8️⃣ Which hydrocarbon shows isomerism?

• A. Ethane
• B. Methane
• C. Butane
• D. Ethene

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✅ C. Butane

2️⃣9️⃣ Which acid is used in making synthetic vinegar?

• A. Sulphuric acid
• B. Nitric acid
• C. Acetic acid
• D. Carbonic acid

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✅ C. Acetic acid

3️⃣0️⃣ The compound CH3COOC2H5 is an:

• A. Acid
• B. Ester
• C. Alcohol
• D. Alkane

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✅ B. Ester

31. Which gas is evolved when sodium reacts with ethanol?

• A. Oxygen
• B. Carbon dioxide
• C. Hydrogen
• D. Nitrogen

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✅ C. Hydrogen

32. Which of the following represents a homologous series?

• A. CH4, C2H6, C3H8
• B. CH3OH, C2H5OH, C3H7OH
• C. CH3COOH, C2H5COOH, C3H7COOH
• D. All of these

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✅ D. All of these

33. What type of compound is CH3COOH?

• A. Alcohol
• B. Aldehyde
• C. Ketone
• D. Carboxylic acid

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✅ D. Carboxylic acid

34. Which of the following shows a substitution reaction?

• A. Methane with chlorine in sunlight
• B. Ethene with bromine
• C. Ethyne with hydrogen
• D. Ethanol with acetic acid

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✅ A. Methane with chlorine in sunlight

35. Which compound turns blue litmus red?

• A. Ethanol
• B. Ethanoic acid
• C. Methane
• D. Ethene

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✅ B. Ethanoic acid

36. Which of the following is a monomer used in plastics?

• A. Ethene
• B. Propene
• C. Styrene
• D. All of these

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✅ D. All of these

37. Which of the following represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

• A. Butane
• B. Pentane
• C. Propene
• D. Ethane

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✅ C. Propene

38. Which compound is used as a preservative in pickles?

• A. Methanol
• B. Ethanoic acid
• C. Ethanol
• D. Propanol

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✅ B. Ethanoic acid

39. When acetic acid reacts with ethanol, the product formed is:

• A. Aldehyde
• B. Ketone
• C. Ester
• D. Ether

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✅ C. Ester

40. What is the molecular formula of benzene?

• A. C6H6
• B. C6H12
• C. C5H10
• D. C6H10

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✅ A. C6H6

41. Which class of organic compound is used in perfumes and flavors?

• A. Alcohols
• B. Ethers
• C. Esters
• D. Ketones

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✅ C. Esters

42. The reaction of ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate releases:

• A. CO2
• B. H2
• C. CH4
• D. O2

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✅ A. CO2

43. Which of the following is an isomer of butane?

• A. Ethene
• B. Methane
• C. Iso-butane
• D. Propane

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✅ C. Iso-butane

44. The property of catenation is shown by:

• A. Hydrogen
• B. Oxygen
• C. Carbon
• D. Nitrogen

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✅ C. Carbon

45. Which of these is the correct molecular formula for propanoic acid?

• A. C2H5COOH
• B. C2H4O2
• C. C3H6O2
• D. CH3COOH

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✅ C. C3H6O2

46. What happens when ethanol burns in air?

• A. It gives CO and H2O
• B. It gives CO2 and H2
• C. It gives CO2 and H2O
• D. It gives H2 and CH4

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✅ C. It gives CO2 and H2O

47. Which of these compounds undergoes substitution reactions?

• A. Ethene
• B. Ethyne
• C. Methane
• D. Ethanol

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✅ C. Methane

48. Which of these has the lowest boiling point?

• A. Propanol
• B. Butanol
• C. Ethanol
• D. Methanol

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✅ D. Methanol

49. Which compound gives vinegar its sour taste?

• A. Methanoic acid
• B. Ethanoic acid
• C. Propanoic acid
• D. Butanoic acid

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✅ B. Ethanoic acid

50. Which of the following is an oxidizing agent used in laboratories?

• A. Dilute HCl
• B. KMnO4
• C. NaCl
• D. NaOH

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✅ B. KMnO4

31. Which gas is evolved when sodium reacts with ethanol?

• A. Oxygen
• B. Carbon dioxide
• C. Hydrogen
• D. Nitrogen

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✅ C. Hydrogen

32. Which of the following represents a homologous series?

• A. CH4, C2H6, C3H8
• B. CH3OH, C2H5OH, C3H7OH
• C. CH3COOH, C2H5COOH, C3H7COOH
• D. All of these

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✅ D. All of these

33. What type of compound is CH3COOH?

• A. Alcohol
• B. Aldehyde
• C. Ketone
• D. Carboxylic acid

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✅ D. Carboxylic acid

34. Which of the following shows a substitution reaction?

• A. Methane with chlorine in sunlight
• B. Ethene with bromine
• C. Ethyne with hydrogen
• D. Ethanol with acetic acid

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✅ A. Methane with chlorine in sunlight

35. Which compound turns blue litmus red?

• A. Ethanol
• B. Ethanoic acid
• C. Methane
• D. Ethene

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✅ B. Ethanoic acid

36. Which of the following is a monomer used in plastics?

• A. Ethene
• B. Propene
• C. Styrene
• D. All of these

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✅ D. All of these

37. Which of the following represents an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

• A. Butane
• B. Pentane
• C. Propene
• D. Ethane

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✅ C. Propene

38. Which compound is used as a preservative in pickles?

• A. Methanol
• B. Ethanoic acid
• C. Ethanol
• D. Propanol

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✅ B. Ethanoic acid

39. When acetic acid reacts with ethanol, the product formed is:

• A. Aldehyde
• B. Ketone
• C. Ester
• D. Ether

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✅ C. Ester

40. What is the molecular formula of benzene?

• A. C6H6
• B. C6H12
• C. C5H10
• D. C6H10

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✅ A. C6H6

41. Which class of organic compound is used in perfumes and flavors?

• A. Alcohols
• B. Ethers
• C. Esters
• D. Ketones

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✅ C. Esters

42. The reaction of ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate releases:

• A. CO2
• B. H2
• C. CH4
• D. O2

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✅ A. CO2

43. Which of the following is an isomer of butane?

• A. Ethene
• B. Methane
• C. Iso-butane
• D. Propane

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✅ C. Iso-butane

44. The property of catenation is shown by:

• A. Hydrogen
• B. Oxygen
• C. Carbon
• D. Nitrogen

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✅ C. Carbon

45. Which of these is the correct molecular formula for propanoic acid?

• A. C2H5COOH
• B. C2H4O2
• C. C3H6O2
• D. CH3COOH

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✅ C. C3H6O2

46. What happens when ethanol burns in air?

• A. It gives CO and H2O
• B. It gives CO2 and H2
• C. It gives CO2 and H2O
• D. It gives H2 and CH4

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✅ C. It gives CO2 and H2O

47. Which of these compounds undergoes substitution reactions?

• A. Ethene
• B. Ethyne
• C. Methane
• D. Ethanol

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✅ C. Methane

48. Which of these has the lowest boiling point?

• A. Propanol
• B. Butanol
• C. Ethanol
• D. Methanol

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✅ D. Methanol

49. Which compound gives vinegar its sour taste?

• A. Methanoic acid
• B. Ethanoic acid
• C. Propanoic acid
• D. Butanoic acid

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✅ B. Ethanoic acid

50. Which of the following is an oxidizing agent used in laboratories?

• A. Dilute HCl
• B. KMnO4
• C. NaCl
• D. NaOH

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✅ B. KMnO4

71. What is the common name of ethanoic acid?

• A. Formic acid
• B. Acetic acid
• C. Vinegar
• D. Both B and C

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✅ D. Both B and C

72. Which compound is prepared in esterification?

• A. Acid
• B. Alcohol
• C. Ester
• D. Aldehyde

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✅ C. Ester

73. Which of the following will not decolorize bromine water?

• A. Ethene
• B. Ethyne
• C. Methane
• D. Propene

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✅ C. Methane

74. Ethanol reacts with sodium to produce:

• A. Sodium hydroxide
• B. Hydrogen gas
• C. Ethene
• D. Acetylene

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✅ B. Hydrogen gas

75. What is the IUPAC name of CH₃CH₂OH?

• A. Methanol
• B. Ethanol
• C. Propanol
• D. Butanol

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✅ B. Ethanol

76. What is the chemical formula of ethanoic acid?

• A. CH₃COOH
• B. HCOOH
• C. C₂H₅OH
• D. CH₃CHO

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✅ A. CH₃COOH

77. The reaction between CH₃COOH and NaOH gives:

• A. CH₃COONa and H₂O
• B. CH₄ and NaOH
• C. CH₃OH and NaCl
• D. CO₂ and CH₃COONa

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✅ A. CH₃COONa and H₂O

78. Which compound is responsible for the sweet smell of esters?

• A. Alcohol
• B. Carboxylic acid
• C. Ketone
• D. Ester

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✅ D. Ester

79. Methanoic acid is also called:

• A. Acetic acid
• B. Formic acid
• C. Propionic acid
• D. Butanoic acid

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✅ B. Formic acid

80. Which hydrocarbon has a triple bond?

• A. Ethene
• B. Ethyne
• C. Propane
• D. Butane

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✅ B. Ethyne

81. CH₃CH₂COOH is the formula of:

• A. Acetic acid
• B. Propanoic acid
• C. Butanoic acid
• D. Methanoic acid

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✅ B. Propanoic acid

82. Functional group in ethanol is:

• A. –COOH
• B. –OH
• C. –CHO
• D. –CO–

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✅ B. –OH

83. Which hydrocarbon is saturated?

• A. Ethene
• B. Butyne
• C. Propane
• D. Ethyne

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✅ C. Propane

84. Which substance is added to ethanol to make it unfit for drinking?

• A. Methanoic acid
• B. Methanol
• C. Acetone
• D. Formaldehyde

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✅ B. Methanol

85. The compound CH₃CH₂OH on dehydration gives:

• A. Ethyne
• B. Ethene
• C. Acetic acid
• D. Propene

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✅ B. Ethene

86. CH₃COOC₂H₅ is an example of:

• A. Acid
• B. Ester
• C. Alcohol
• D. Ketone

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✅ B. Ester

87. Which reagent is used to test for alcohol?

• A. Alkaline KMnO₄
• B. Sodium metal
• C. Lime water
• D. Ammonia solution

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✅ B. Sodium metal

88. CH₃CHO is:

• A. Ethanol
• B. Ethanal
• C. Methanol
• D. Methanal

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✅ B. Ethanal

89. The reaction of alkene with hydrogen in presence of catalyst is:

• A. Substitution
• B. Dehydration
• C. Hydrogenation
• D. Oxidation

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✅ C. Hydrogenation

90. Which among the following is an aldehyde?

• A. CH₃COOH
• B. CH₃CHO
• C. C₂H₅OH
• D. CH₃COCH₃

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✅ B. CH₃CHO

91. What is the common name of HCOOH?

• A. Acetic acid
• B. Propanoic acid
• C. Formic acid
• D. Butanoic acid

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✅ C. Formic acid

92. Ethanol reacts with CH₃COOH in presence of conc. H₂SO₄ to form:

• A. Ester and water
• B. Ether and acid
• C. Acid and alcohol
• D. Alkene and water

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✅ A. Ester and water

93. Which of the following is used in the manufacture of alcoholic beverages?

• A. Methanol
• B. Ethanol
• C. Propanol
• D. Butanol

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✅ B. Ethanol

94. Which is the correct formula for butyne?

• A. C₄H₆
• B. C₄H₁₀
• C. C₄H₈
• D. C₃H₄

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✅ A. C₄H₆

95. Which hydrocarbon has two carbon atoms and a triple bond?

• A. Ethane
• B. Ethene
• C. Ethyne
• D. Butyne

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✅ C. Ethyne

96. Which substance gives a brisk effervescence with sodium bicarbonate?

• A. Alcohol
• B. Alkene
• C. Carboxylic acid
• D. Ketone

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✅ C. Carboxylic acid

97. Which class of hydrocarbons has general formula C_nH_2n+2?

• A. Alkanes
• B. Alkenes
• C. Alkynes
• D. Arenes

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✅ A. Alkanes

98. Ethanol undergoes oxidation to give:

• A. Ethene
• B. Ethanoic acid
• C. Acetylene
• D. Propanol

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✅ B. Ethanoic acid

99. The process of adding hydrogen to unsaturated hydrocarbons is called:

• A. Oxidation
• B. Reduction
• C. Hydrogenation
• D. Esterification

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✅ C. Hydrogenation

100. Which functional group is present in esters?

• A. –COOH
• B. –CHO
• C. –CO–
• D. –COO–

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✅ D. –COO–

❓ Frequently Asked Questions – Carbon and Its Compounds Class 10